NURS 6512 Assessing the Head Eyes Ears Nose and Throat Case Study Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessing the Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat Case Study AssignmentNURS 6512 Assessing the Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat Case Study Assignment

NURS 6512 Assessing the Head Eyes Ears Nose and Throat Case Study Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6512 – Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning

Assignment Title: NURS 6512 Assessing the Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat Case Study Assignment

Assignment Instructions Overview

In this assignment, you will engage in a case study focusing on assessing conditions related to the head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat (HEENT). The goal is to apply clinical reasoning skills to differentiate between benign and potentially life-threatening conditions, thereby determining appropriate diagnostic tests and differential diagnoses.

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Understanding Assignment Objectives

The objective of this assignment is to simulate a clinical scenario where you will evaluate abnormal findings in patients presenting with HEENT issues. You will formulate an episodic/focused SOAP note, detailing the patient’s history, physical exams, diagnostic tests, and differential diagnoses based on evidence from the literature.

The Student’s Role

As a student, your role is to critically analyze the provided case study, identify pertinent patient data, and apply clinical assessment skills to recommend appropriate diagnostic procedures. You will demonstrate proficiency in constructing an episodic/focused SOAP note format, integrating findings from scholarly sources to support your clinical decisions.

Competencies Measured

This assignment measures competencies in clinical assessment, differential diagnosis formulation, evidence-based practice application, and effective communication through the episodic/focused SOAP note format. It evaluates your ability to integrate theoretical knowledge with practical clinical scenarios in the context of HEENT assessments.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6512 – Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning Course:

NURS 6512 Diversity and Health Assessments Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions Lab Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Building a Comprehensive Health History Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessment Tools and Diagnostic Tests in Adults and Children Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessing the Abdomen Lab Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessing the Head Eyes Ears Nose and Throat Case Study Assignment Example

NURS 6512 – Case Study Assignment: Assessing the Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat Episodic/Focused SOAP Note Template

Patient Information:

  • Age/Gender/Race: 65-year-old African American male
  • Chief Complaint (CC): Chest pain

History of Present Illness (HPI):

The patient, a 65-year-old African American male, presented with sudden onset crushing chest pain early in the morning, rated 9/10 in severity. The pain is located centrally in the chest and is accompanied by shortness of breath and nausea. Despite taking antacids, the symptoms have not significantly improved. The patient has a history of GERD and well-controlled hypertension. Family history includes the mother’s death at 78 due to breast cancer and the father’s death at 75 due to CVA. There is no known premature cardiac disease in immediate family members. Socially, the patient consumes moderate alcohol and does not use tobacco.

Review of Systems (ROS):

  • General: Denies fever, chills, or fatigue.
  • Cardiovascular: No orthopnea; positive for sporadic lower extremity edema.
  • Gastrointestinal: Positive for nausea without vomiting.

Objective (O):

  • Vital Signs (VS): BP 186/102 mmHg, P 94 bpm, R 22 bpm, T 97.8°F, O2 saturation 96%, Weight 235 lbs, Height 70 inches.
  • Physical Exam:
    • Cardiovascular: Diaphoretic and restless, PMI in 5th intercostal space at mid-clavicular line, grade 2/6 systolic decrescendo murmur at 2nd right intercostal space radiating to neck, third heart sound at apex, bilateral 2+ lower extremity edema.
    • Abdominal: No distention or masses, normal bowel sounds, bruit in right paraumbilical area, mid-epigastric tenderness on deep palpation.
  • Diagnostic Results: EKG, CXR, CK-MB tests conducted.

Assessment (A):

Differential Diagnoses:

  • GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease): Chronic acid reflux causing chest pain.
  • Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Thickening of the heart muscle leading to chest pain, shortness of breath, and potential murmurs.
  • Myocardial Ischemia: Reduced blood flow to the heart causing oxygen deprivation, resulting in chest pain and dyspnea.
  • Pulmonary Embolism: Blockage of pulmonary arteries by blood clots, leading to chest pain and shortness of breath.
  • COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease): Chronic lung disease causing airflow obstruction, chest discomfort, and dyspnea.

Plan (P):

  • Further diagnostics: Recommend continuation of EKG monitoring, CXR review, and CK-MB analysis to assess cardiac function and rule out pulmonary issues.
  • Management: Initiate treatment for suspected conditions based on diagnostic findings, including potential adjustments to antacid therapy and consideration of cardiac medications.
  • Referral: Consult with cardiology for comprehensive evaluation and management of suspected cardiovascular conditions.
  • Patient education: Provide guidance on lifestyle modifications to manage GERD symptoms and hypertension, including dietary changes and stress reduction techniques.

References

Balogh E, Miller B, Ball J. The Diagnostic Process. Retrieved from [source].

Chamley R, Holdsworth D, Rajappan K, Nicol E. ECG interpretation. European Heart Journal, 40(32), 2663-2666. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz559

Haber J et al. Putting the Mouth Back in the Head: HEENT to HEENOT. Am J Public Health, 105(3), 437-441. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2014.302495

Heusch G. Myocardial Ischemia. Circ Res, 119(2), 194-196. doi: 10.1161/circresaha.116.308925

Marian A, Braunwald E. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Circ Res, 121(7), 749-770. doi: 10.1161/circresaha.117.311059

Qureshi H, Sharafkhaneh A, Hanania N. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations: latest evidence and clinical implications. Ther Adv Chronic Dis, 5(5), 212-227. doi: 10.1177/2040622314532862

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6512 Assessing the Head Eyes Ears Nose and Throat Case Study Assignment

Assignment 1: Case Study Assignment: Assessing the Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat

Most ear, nose, and throat conditions that arise in non-critical care settings are minor in nature. However, subtle symptoms can sometimes escalate into life-threatening conditions that require prompt assessment and treatment.

Nurses conducting assessments of the ears, nose, and throat must be able to identify the small differences between life-threatening conditions and benign ones. For instance, if a patient with a sore throat and a runny nose also has inflamed lymph nodes, the inflammation is probably due to the pathogen causing the sore throat rather than a case of throat cancer. With this knowledge and a sufficient patient health history, a nurse would not need to escalate the assessment to a biopsy or an MRI of the lymph nodes but would probably perform a simple strep test.

In this Case Study Assignment, you consider case studies of abnormal findings from patients in a clinical setting. You determine what history should be collected from the patients, what physical exams and diagnostic tests should be conducted, and formulate a differential diagnosis with several possible conditions.

To Prepare

  • By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.
  • Also, your Case Study Assignment should be in the Episodic/Focused SOAP Note format rather than the traditional narrative style format. Refer to Chapter 2 of the Sullivan text and the Episodic/Focused SOAP Template in the Week 5 Learning Resources for guidance. Remember that all Episodic/Focused SOAP Notes have specific data included in every patient case.

With regard to the case study you were assigned:

  • Review this week’s Learning Resources and consider the insights they provide.
  • Consider what history would be necessary to collect from the patient.
  • Consider what physical exams and diagnostic tests would be appropriate to gather more information about the patient’s condition. How would the results be used to make a diagnosis?
  • Identify at least five possible conditions that may be considered in a differential diagnosis for the patient.

The Assignment

Use the Episodic/Focused SOAP Template and create an episodic/focused note about the patient in the case study to which you were assigned using the episodic/focused note template provided in the Week 5 resources. Provide evidence from the literature to support diagnostic tests that would be appropriate for each case. List five different possible conditions for the patient’s differential diagnosis and justify why you selected each.

By Day 6 of Week 5

Submit your Assignment.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

  • Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK5Assgn1+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
  • Click the Week 5 Assignment 1 Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
  • Click the Week 5 Assignment 1 link. You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
  • Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer button. Find the document you saved as “WK5Assgn1+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
  • If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
  • Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.

Grading Criteria

To access your rubric:

Week 5 Assignment 1 Rubric

Check Your Assignment Draft for Authenticity

To check your Assignment draft for authenticity:

Submit your Week 5 Assignment 1 draft and review the originality report.

Submit Your Assignment by Day 6 of Week 5

To participate in this Assignment:

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NURS 6512 Assessment Tools and Diagnostic Tests in Adults and Children Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessment Tools and Diagnostic Tests in Adults and Children AssignmentNURS 6512 Assessment Tools and Diagnostic Tests in Adults and Children Assignment

NURS 6512 Assessment Tools and Diagnostic Tests in Adults and Children Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6512 – Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning

Assignment Title: NURS 6512 Assessment Tools and Diagnostic Tests in Adults and Children Assignment

Assignment Instructions Overview

In this assignment, you will explore the application of assessment tools and diagnostic tests used by advanced practice nurses to evaluate patient health conditions. Understanding the validity and reliability of these tools is crucial for accurate diagnosis and patient management. For pediatric cases, considerations such as growth, measurements, and nutrition play significant roles in assessing health risks and recommending interventions.

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Understanding Assignment Objectives

The primary objective of this assignment is to assess your understanding of assessment tools and diagnostic tests in healthcare settings, both for adults and children. You will evaluate the purpose, conduct, and information gathered by these tools. Additionally, you will critically analyze factors influencing their validity, reliability, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values. For child health cases, you will identify relevant health risks, determine necessary information for comprehensive assessment, and develop strategies to engage parents or caregivers in proactive health management.

The Student’s Role

As a student, your role is to conduct comprehensive research on the assigned assessment tool or diagnostic test. You will analyze its clinical utility, strengths, and limitations based on current literature. For child health cases, you will identify potential health risks and formulate sensitive approaches to gather necessary information from parents or caregivers.

Competencies Measured

This assignment assesses your ability to:

  • Analyze the purpose and use of assessment tools and diagnostic tests in healthcare.
  • Evaluate the validity, reliability, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of selected tools.
  • Identify and assess health risks relevant to pediatric patients.
  • Develop effective communication strategies to engage parents or caregivers in proactive health practices.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6512 – Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning Course:

NURS 6512 Diversity and Health Assessments Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions Lab Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Building a Comprehensive Health History Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessing the Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat Case Study Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessing the Abdomen Lab Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessment Tools and Diagnostic Tests in Adults and Children Assignment Example

Uses of BMI in Healthcare

Body Mass Index (BMI) serves as a widely used anthropometric measurement to estimate body fat by comparing an individual’s weight to their height. This metric is essential for public health purposes, providing clear indications of whether individuals have an ideal weight for their height (Hall & Cole, 2016). Primarily, BMI categorizes individuals into groups such as underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese, helping identify those at risk for chronic conditions like type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and hypertension (Hall & Cole, 2016). For adults, BMI remains unaffected by age or sex. However, for children and adolescents, age and sex are critical factors due to the different growth rates and body fat levels in boys and girls. Consequently, BMI measurements for this younger population must be plotted on a sex-specific BMI-for-age growth chart (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2018). Children are classified as obese if their BMI-for-age is at or above the 95th percentile and overweight if it is between the 85th and 94th percentiles (CDC, 2018).

BMI’s Validity and Reliability

The validity and reliability of BMI as a tool for assessing body fat and obesity risk are subjects of ongoing debate. Validity refers to the tool’s accuracy in measuring what it intends to measure, while reliability denotes the consistency of these measurements. The accuracy of BMI in estimating body fat across different populations and individuals is often questioned. Factors such as age, physical activity, ethnicity, and gender can significantly influence the relationship between BMI and actual body fat percentage (Freedman & Sherry, 2015). As individuals age, changes in body composition, such as decreased muscle mass and increased visceral fat, can occur even if overall body weight remains stable (Zhang et al., 2018). Health risks correlate more closely with visceral fat, which BMI does not measure accurately. Thus, BMI may not always reliably indicate an individual’s health, particularly in children who exhibit significant variations in body composition based on sex and developmental stage. Moreover, ethnic differences in body composition mean that BMI thresholds may not equally predict health risks across various racial groups (Freedman & Sherry, 2015).

Health Issues/Risks Relevant to the 5-Year-Old Overweight African American Boy

The 5-year-old African American boy faces significant health risks due to his overweight status and low physical activity levels. These risks include elevated cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, and a predisposition to cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, respiratory issues such as sleep apnea and asthma pose significant concerns. The boy also risks developing impaired glucose tolerance, potentially leading to type 2 diabetes, as well as fatty liver disease, musculoskeletal discomfort, gastroesophageal reflux, and gallstones (Gibbs & Chapman-Novakofski, 2012).

Additional Information Needed

To thoroughly assess the boy’s weight-related health, gathering detailed information about his dietary habits is essential. This includes data on the types of food consumed, meal frequency, portion sizes, nutritional quality, snack consumption, food preparation methods, and the mealtime environment (Gibbs & Chapman-Novakofski, 2012). Understanding his physical activity levels, including the types and frequency of physical activities, is also crucial.

Identification of Risks to the Child’s Health

Examining the child’s dietary intake and social behaviors, such as playing with friends, enables healthcare providers to identify specific health risks. A diet high in fast foods and processed snacks, combined with a lack of physical activity, increases the child’s susceptibility to obesity and related health issues. Gathering this sensitive information from parents can be achieved by clearly explaining the study’s objectives and the benefits it can bring to their child’s health. Ensuring confidentiality will also encourage parental cooperation (Ball et al., 2019).

Specific Questions Relating to the Child

  1. How many meals does the child consume daily?
  2. What is the composition of the meals consumed throughout the day?
  3. Is the child involved in any physical activities? How frequently?

Strategies to Help Parents Control the Child’s Weight and Health

Promoting physical activity and providing nutritional guidance are essential strategies for parents. Encouraging the child to engage in daily physical activities, such as walking, cycling, or swimming, ideally involving the parents, fosters a supportive environment. Providing educational materials like a food pyramid can assist parents in planning balanced and nutritious meals, thereby guiding healthier food choices and controlling portion sizes. These measures contribute to gradual and sustainable weight loss (Ball et al., 2019).

References

Ball, J. W., Dains, J. E., Flynn, J. A., Solomon, B. S., & Stewart, R. W. (2019). Seidel’s guide to physical examination: An interprofessional approach (9th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018). Childhood overweight and obesity. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood.

Freedman, D. S., & Sherry, B. (2015). The validity of BMI as an indicator of body fatness and risk among children. Pediatrics, 124(Supplement 1), S23–S34. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2008-3586e

Gibbs, H., & Chapman-Novakofski, K. (2012). Exploring nutrition literacy: Attention to assessment and the skills clients need. Health, 4(3), 120–124.

Hall, D. M., & Cole, T. J. (2016). What use is the BMI?. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 91(4), 283–286. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2005.077339

Zhang, L., Fos, P. J., Johnson, W. D., Kamali, V., Cox, R. G., Zuniga, M. A., & Kittle, T. (2018). Body mass index and health-related quality of life in elementary school children: A pilot study. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 6, 77. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-6-77

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6512 Assessment Tools and Diagnostic Tests in Adults and Children Assignment

Assessment Tool, Diagnostics, Growth, Measurements, and Nutrition in Adults and Children – Week 3 (11m)

Assignment 1: Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools and Diagnostic Tests in Adults and Children

When seeking to identify a patient’s health condition, advanced practice nurses can use a diverse selection of diagnostic tests and assessment tools; however, different factors affect the validity and reliability of the results produced by these tests or tools. Nurses must be aware of these factors in order to select the most appropriate test or tool and to accurately interpret the results.

Not only do these diagnostic tests affect adults, body measurements can provide a general picture of whether a child is receiving adequate nutrition or is at risk for health issues. These data, however, are just one aspect to be considered. Lifestyle, family history, and culture—among other factors—are also relevant. That said, gathering and communicating this information can be a delicate process.

For this Assignment, you will consider the validity and reliability of different assessment tools and diagnostic tests. You will explore issues such as sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. You will also consider examples of children with various weight issues. You will explore how you could effectively gather information and encourage parents and caregivers to be proactive about their children’s health and weight.

To Prepare

  • Review this week’s Learning Resources and consider factors that impact the validity and reliability of various assessment tools and diagnostic tests. You also will review examples of pediatric patients and their families as it relates to BMI.
  • By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to one of the following Assignment options by your Instructor: Adult Assessment Tools or Diagnostic Tests (option 1), or Child Health Case (Option 2). Note: Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignments from your Instructor.
  • Search the Walden Library and credible sources for resources explaining the tool or test you were assigned. What is its purpose, how is it conducted, and what information does it gather?
  • Also, as you search the Walden library and credible sources, consider what the literature discusses regarding the validity, reliability, sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, ethical dilemmas, and controversies related to the test or tool.
  • If you are assigned Assignment Option 2 (Child), consider what health issues and risks may be relevant to the child in the health example.
    • Based on the risks you identified, consider what further information you would need to gain a full understanding of the child’s health. Think about how you could gather this information in a sensitive fashion.
    • Consider how you could encourage parents or caregivers to be proactive toward the child’s health.

The Assignment

Assignment (3–4 pages, not including title and reference pages):

Assignment Option 1: Adult Assessment Tools or Diagnostic Tests:

Include the following:

  • A description of how the assessment tool or diagnostic test you were assigned is used in healthcare.
    • What is its purpose?
    • How is it conducted?
    • What information does it gather?
  • Based on your research, evaluate the test or the tool’s validity and reliability, and explain any issues with sensitivity, reliability, and predictive values. Include references in appropriate APA formatting.
Assignment Option 2: Child Health Case:

Include the following:

  • An explanation of the health issues and risks that are relevant to the child you were assigned.
  • Describe additional information you would need in order to further assess his or her weight-related health.
  • Identify and describe any risks and consider what further information you would need to gain a full understanding of the child’s health. Think about how you could gather this information in a sensitive fashion.
  • Taking into account the parents’ and caregivers’ potential sensitivities, list at least three specific questions you would ask about the child to gather more information.
  • Provide at least two strategies you could employ to encourage the parents or caregivers to be proactive about their child’s health and weight.

By Day 6 of Week 3

Submit your Assignment.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

  • Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK3Assgn1+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
  • Click the Week 3 Assignment 1 Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
  • Click the Week 3 Assignment 1 link. You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
  • Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer button. Find the document you saved as “WK3Assgn1+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
  • If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
  • Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.

Grading Criteria

To access your rubric:

Week 3 Assignment 1 Option 1 Rubric

To access your rubric:

Week 3 Assignment 1 Option 2 Rubric

To check your Assignment draft for authenticity:

Submit your Week 3 Assignment 1 draft and review the originality report.

Submit Your Assignment by Day 6 of Week 3

To participate in this Assignment:

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NURS 6512 Building a Comprehensive Health History Discussion Paper Example

NURS 6512 Building a Comprehensive Health History Discussion AssignmentNURS 6512 Building a Comprehensive Health History Discussion Assignment

NURS 6512 Building a Comprehensive Health History Discussion Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6512 – Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning

Assignment Title: NURS 6512 Building a Comprehensive Health History Discussion Assignment

Assignment Instructions Overview

Effective communication is vital for constructing an accurate and detailed patient history. Various factors, including age, gender, ethnicity, and environmental setting, significantly influence a patient’s health or illness. Advanced practice nurses must tailor their communication techniques to these factors to establish rapport and effectively gather information. This discussion involves building a health history for a newly assigned patient, considering their unique characteristics and health risks.

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Understanding Assignment Objectives

The primary objective of this assignment is to develop skills in collecting comprehensive health histories through effective communication. This involves understanding the importance of individualized communication strategies that address the specific needs of patients based on their demographic and environmental contexts. The assignment also aims to enhance the ability to utilize appropriate risk assessment tools and identify potential health-related risks.

Competencies Measured

This assignment measures competencies in several key areas:

  • Communication Skills: Demonstrates the ability to tailor interview techniques to individual patient needs.
  • Cultural Competency: Shows awareness and integration of the patient’s cultural, ethnic, and socioeconomic background into the health history.
  • Risk Assessment: Proficient in identifying and utilizing appropriate risk assessment instruments.
  • Critical Thinking: Develops targeted questions that effectively probe health risks and concerns.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6512 – Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning Course:

NURS 6512 Diversity and Health Assessments Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions Lab Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessment Tools and Diagnostic Tests in Adults and Children Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessing the Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat Case Study Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessing the Abdomen Lab Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Building a Comprehensive Health History Discussion Paper Example

Building a Comprehensive Health History for a 38-Year-Old Native American Pregnant Female

Effective communication skills are crucial for obtaining an accurate and comprehensive health history from patients. These skills not only foster a positive patient-provider relationship but also ensure higher patient satisfaction and compliance (Berman & Chutka, 2016). According to Berman and Chutka (2016), patients often express dissatisfaction with healthcare providers who do not listen attentively. Communication encompasses not only verbal exchanges but also active listening and nonverbal cues, such as facial expressions, nodding, and body posture, which convey empathy and support (Hashim, 2017). This discussion will focus on the specific techniques and considerations necessary for interviewing a 38-year-old Native American pregnant female living on a reservation.

Communication Techniques with Rationale

The interview with this patient must prioritize cultural competence and sensitivity. Native American communities often face significant health disparities, unemployment, and overcrowded living conditions, which impact overall health and access to care (Native American Aid, 2015). Understanding the patient’s cultural background is essential for building trust and ensuring effective communication. The healthcare provider must use language and literacy levels appropriate for the patient and ensure the availability of professional interpreter services if necessary. This approach will help in gathering comprehensive information regarding the patient’s medical history, family health history, and environmental and behavioral risk factors (Sullivan, 2019).

Selected Risk Assessment Instrument with Rationale

In this scenario, the HEEADSSS screening tool is particularly appropriate for assessing the patient’s health risks. The HEEADSSS interview framework evaluates the home environment, education and employment, eating habits, peer-related activities, drug use, sexuality, mental health (suicide/depression), and safety from injury and violence (Klein, Goldenring, & Adelman, 2015). Given the higher prevalence of substance use and mental health issues in Native American communities (Park-Lee, Lipari, Bose, & Hughes, 2018), this tool is effective in identifying potential health threats to both the mother and her unborn child.

The following targeted questions are designed to assess the health risks of the patient and begin building a comprehensive health history:

  1. Is this your first pregnancy?
  2. How are you feeling about being pregnant?
  3. When was your last menstrual cycle?
  4. When was the last time you consumed alcohol or used illicit drugs?
  5. Do you have any existing health problems or medical conditions?

Introducing oneself to the patient and any accompanying individuals is the first step in the interview. Addressing the patient by their preferred name and ensuring that the consultation is not rushed are essential for building rapport and trust (Berman & Chutka, 2016). The healthcare provider must maintain consistent eye contact and use nonverbal communication effectively to demonstrate interest and empathy (Hashim, 2017). Open-ended questions will facilitate understanding of the patient’s perspective and provide opportunities for the patient to express concerns (Hashim, 2017).

In addition to verbal communication, the provider must be aware of the patient’s unspoken issues and gently probe when necessary. The “ask-tell-ask” approach is recommended to avoid overwhelming the patient with information and to ensure they understand the information provided (Berman & Chutka, 2016). Proper closure of the interview, with an invitation for the patient to ask additional questions, is important to address any lingering concerns (Hashim, 2017).

In summary, building a comprehensive health history for a 38-year-old Native American pregnant female requires cultural competence, effective communication skills, and appropriate use of risk assessment tools. The HEEADSSS screening tool is particularly useful for identifying health risks in this context. Through a combination of verbal and nonverbal communication techniques, the healthcare provider can gather the necessary information to ensure the patient’s health and well-being.

References

Berman, A. C., & Chutka, D. S. (2016). Assessing effective physician-patient communication skills: “Are you listening to me, doc?” Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 91(2), 173-181.

Hashim, M. J. (2017). Patient-centered communication: Basic skills. American Family Physician, 95(1), 29-34.

Klein, D. A., Goldenring, J. M., & Adelman, W. P. (2015). HEEADSSS 3.0: The psychosocial interview for adolescents updated for a new century fueled by media. Contemporary Pediatrics, 32(1), 16-28.

Native American Aid. (2015). Living conditions. Retrieved June 2, 2020, from http://www.nativepartnership.org/site/PageServer?pagename=naa_livingconditions

Park-Lee, E., Lipari, R. N., Bose, J., & Hughes, A. (2018). Substance use and mental health issues among U.S.-born American Indians or Alaska natives residing on and off tribal lands. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Retrieved from https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/cbhsq-reports/DRAIANTribalAreas2018/DRAIANTribalAreas2018.pdf

Sullivan, D. D. (2019). Guide to clinical documentation (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis.

Response to Colleague 1: Interview Techniques and Health Risks for an Adolescent Hispanic Male

The approach to constructing a comprehensive health history for an adolescent Hispanic male demonstrates a thorough understanding of culturally sensitive communication. Enhancing this strategy with additional interview and communication techniques may further improve patient outcomes.

Additional Interview and Communication Techniques

Implementing motivational interviewing can significantly engage adolescents in identifying their motivations for behavior change, which is crucial for addressing issues like substance use or risky behaviors (Miller & Rollnick, 2013). Additionally, involving family members in the interview process, with the adolescent’s consent, aligns with the cultural significance of family in decision-making within Hispanic communities (Cabassa, 2010). Utilizing visual aids such as diagrams, charts, or videos to explain medical concepts can enhance understanding and retention, particularly for discussing complex issues like sexual health or substance abuse.

Additional Health-Related Risks

Identifying potential mental health issues is vital, given the higher risk for depression and anxiety among Hispanic adolescents, often linked to acculturation stress and discrimination (Lorenzo-Blanco et al., 2012). Moreover, the increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes within this demographic necessitates inquiries about dietary habits, physical activity, and family history of these conditions (Cruz, 2019).

References

Cabassa, L. J. (2010). Latino immigrant men’s perceptions of depression and attitudes toward help seeking. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 32(3), 345-363.

Cruz, M. L. (2019). The increasing prevalence of obesity and diabetes among Hispanics in the United States. Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice, 12(2), 82-90.

Lorenzo-Blanco, E. I., Unger, J. B., Oshri, A., Baezconde-Garbanati, L., & Soto, D. (2012). Acculturation, enculturation, and symptoms of depression in Hispanic youth: The roles of gender, Hispanic cultural values, and family functioning. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 41(10), 1350-1365.

Miller, W. R., & Rollnick, S. (2013). Motivational interviewing: Helping people change (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Response to Colleague 2: Interview Techniques and Health Risks for an Elderly African American Male with Cardiovascular Disease

The outlined strategies for interviewing an elderly African American male with cardiovascular disease are effective. Expanding on these techniques and considering additional health risks will enhance patient care.

Additional Interview and Communication Techniques

Using the teach-back method ensures the patient comprehends the provided information by having them repeat it in their own words, which is particularly important for managing chronic conditions like cardiovascular disease (Schillinger et al., 2003). Addressing cultural health beliefs helps tailor care plans to be more acceptable and effective, considering some African American patients might use home remedies or have specific dietary practices impacting cardiovascular health (Mayo Clinic, 2020). Engaging the patient’s social support systems, such as family, friends, or community organizations, improves adherence to treatment plans, especially for elderly patients who might struggle with isolation or transportation to appointments (Berkman et al., 2000).

Additional Health-Related Risks

Given the higher prevalence of hypertension among African American males, hypertension management through regular monitoring and adherence to antihypertensive medications is crucial (Lackland, 2014). Additionally, due to the increased risk for chronic kidney disease associated with hypertension and diabetes, regular screening for kidney function should be prioritized (Norris & Agodoa, 2005). Addressing medication adherence challenges, often due to polypharmacy, side effects, or cognitive decline, can be managed through strategies like simplifying medication regimens or using pill organizers (Krousel-Wood et al., 2004).

References

Berkman, L. F., Glass, T., Brissette, I., & Seeman, T. E. (2000). From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium. Social Science & Medicine, 51(6), 843-857.

Krousel-Wood, M., Thomas, S., Muntner, P., & Morisky, D. (2004). Medication adherence: A key factor in achieving blood pressure control and good clinical outcomes in hypertensive patients. Current Opinion in Cardiology, 19(4), 357-362.

Lackland, D. T. (2014). Racial differences in hypertension: Implications for high blood pressure management. American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 348(2), 135-138.

Mayo Clinic. (2020). Cardiovascular disease in African Americans. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org

Norris, K., & Agodoa, L. (2005). Unraveling the racial disparities associated with kidney disease. Kidney International, 68(3), 914-924.

Schillinger, D., Piette, J., Grumbach, K., Wang, F., Wilson, C., Daher, C., … & Bindman, A. B. (2003). Closing the loop: Physician communication with diabetic patients who have low health literacy. Archives of Internal Medicine, 163(1), 83-90.

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6512 Building a Comprehensive Health History Discussion Assignment

Discussion: Building a Health History

Effective communication is vital to constructing an accurate and detailed patient history. A patient’s health or illness is influenced by many factors, including age, gender, ethnicity, and environmental setting. As an advanced practice nurse, you must be aware of these factors and tailor your communication techniques accordingly. Doing so will not only help you establish rapport with your patients, but it will also enable you to more effectively gather the information needed to assess your patients’ health risks.

For this Discussion, you will take on the role of a clinician who is building a health history for a particular new patient assigned by your Instructor.

Photo Credit: Sam Edwards / Caiaimage / Getty Images

To prepare:

With the information presented in Chapter 1 of Ball et al. in mind, consider the following:

  • By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned a new patient profile by your Instructor for this Discussion. Note: Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your new patient profile assignment.
  • How would your communication and interview techniques for building a health history differ with each patient?
  • How might you target your questions for building a health history based on the patient’s social determinants of health?
  • What risk assessment instruments would be appropriate to use with each patient, or what questions would you ask each patient to assess his or her health risks?
  • Identify any potential health-related risks based upon the patient’s age, gender, ethnicity, or environmental setting that should be taken into consideration.
  • Select one of the risk assessment instruments presented in Chapter 1 or Chapter 5 of the Seidel’s Guide to Physical Examination text, or another tool with which you are familiar, related to your selected patient.
  • Develop at least five targeted questions you would ask your selected patient to assess his or her health risks and begin building a health history Building a Health History NURS 6512 week 1 Discussion Post.

By Day 3 of Week 1

Post a summary of the interview and a description of the communication techniques you would use with your assigned patient. Explain why you would use these techniques. Identify the risk assessment instrument you selected, and justify why it would be applicable to the selected patient. Provide at least five targeted questions you would ask the patient.

Note: For this Discussion, you are required to complete your initial post before you will be able to view and respond to your colleagues’ postings. Begin by clicking on the “Post to Discussion Question” link, and then select “Create Thread” to complete your initial post. Remember, once you click on Submit, you cannot delete or edit your own posts, and you cannot post anonymously. Please check your post carefully before clicking on Submit!

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.

By Day 6 of Week 1

Respond to at least two of your colleagues on 2 different days who selected a different patient than you, using one or more of the following approaches:

  • Share additional interview and communication techniques that could be effective with your colleague’s selected patient.
  • Suggest additional health-related risks that might be considered.
  • Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.

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NURS 6512 Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions Lab Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions Lab AssignmentNURS 6512 Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions Lab Assignment

NURS 6512 Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions Lab Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6512 – Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning

Assignment Title: NURS 6512 Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions Lab Assignment

Assignment Instructions Overview

In this lab assignment, you will engage in differential diagnosis to determine the probable cause of a patient’s skin condition based on visual representations. You will utilize clinical terminologies to describe physical characteristics, formulate a differential diagnosis, and justify the most likely diagnosis using evidence-based practices and resources provided in the course.

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Understanding Assignment Objectives

The primary objective of this assignment is to develop your proficiency in differential diagnosis skills specific to dermatological conditions. By analyzing visual representations of skin abnormalities and applying clinical reasoning, you will enhance your ability to identify and prioritize potential diagnoses.

The Student’s Role

As a student, your role involves:

  • Reviewing provided resources on skin conditions.
  • Analyzing visual depictions of skin abnormalities.
  • Using clinical terminologies to describe observed characteristics.
  • Formulating a differential diagnosis of potential conditions.
  • Justifying your diagnosis with evidence-based references.
  • Completing and submitting a SOAP note following the Comprehensive SOAP template provided.

Competencies Measured

This assignment measures the following competencies:

  • Ability to apply differential diagnosis principles.
  • Proficiency in using clinical terminologies.
  • Capacity to analyze and interpret visual data.
  • Skill in integrating evidence-based practices into clinical decision-making.
  • Capability to communicate findings effectively in a SOAP note format.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6512 – Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning Course:

NURS 6512 Diversity and Health Assessments Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Building a Comprehensive Health History Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessment Tools and Diagnostic Tests in Adults and Children Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessing the Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat Case Study Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessing the Abdomen Lab Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions Lab Assignment Example

NURS 6512 – Lab Assignment: Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions

SOAP Note

Comprehensive SOAP NOTE

Patient Initials: N/A

Age: N/A

Gender: N/A

Student’s Name: [Your Name]

Institutional Affiliation: [Your Institution]

SUBJECTIVE DATA

Chief Complaint (CC):

Patient presents with non-scaly annular papules distributed along the nape, described as having well-defined borders and appearing reddish in color.

History of Present Illness (HPI):

A Caucasian male of unknown age with no provided medical history is observed with annular papules on the neck. No specific medications or allergies noted. Comprehensive inquiry pending into sexual/reproductive, personal/social, and immunization histories. Family history pertinent to skin conditions not disclosed.

Review of Systems:

General: No report of symptoms such as fatigue, fever, sweating, or weight changes.

HEENT: No reported changes in vision, hearing, chewing, swallowing, or nasal functions.

Neck: Presence of red lesions noted on the back of the neck.

Breasts: No history of lesions, masses, or rashes reported.

Respiratory/CV/GI/GU/MS/Psych/Neuro/Integument/Heme/Lymph/Endocrine/Allergic-Immunologic: No reported complications in any of these systems.

OBJECTIVE DATA

Physical Exam:

General: Vital signs including blood pressure, temperature, heart rate, and BMI within normal limits. No signs of fatigue or discomfort noted.

HEENT: Eyes, ears, and nose examined; no abnormalities detected.

Neck: Non-scaly annular papules observed at the nape, texture and warmth palpated.

Chest/Lungs/Heart/Peripheral Vascular/ABD/Genital/Rectal/Musculoskeletal/Neuro: No abnormalities noted in these systems.

Skin/Lymph Nodes: Non-scaly annular lesions observed at the back of the neck; assessment for lesions on other body regions recommended.

ASSESSMENT

Diagnostics:

Lab:

Recommended diagnostic procedures include dermoscopy, diascopy, and punch biopsy to further investigate the lesions and determine appropriate treatment.

Differential Diagnosis (DDx):

Tinea corporis: Red, circular, itchy rashes; common on arms and legs due to skin contact with infected persons or animals.

Pityriasis rosea: Oval rash starting on chest/back, spreading; affects young adults, often self-resolving.

Lupus: Autoimmune disorder affecting skin, joints, organs; presents with various symptoms including butterfly-shaped rashes and systemic involvement.

Guttate psoriasis: Small, red, itchy lesions; associated with streptococcal infections and genetic predisposition.

Primary Diagnosis:

Granuloma annulare: Circular, reddish lesions triggered by skin injury or specific medications; may resolve spontaneously over time or with treatment.

Discussion

Diagnosing skin conditions is challenging, especially through image interpretation without direct patient interaction. Primary diagnosis of granuloma annulare was selected based on symptoms observed. Consideration of alternative diagnoses such as tinea corporis, pityriasis rosea, and lupus is warranted due to overlapping symptoms. Further physical exams and lab assessments are necessary for accurate diagnosis and management.

References

Colyar, M. R. (2015). Advanced practice nursing procedures. Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis.

Dains, J. E., Baumann, L. C., & Scheibel, P. (2015). Advanced Health Assessment & Clinical Diagnosis in Primary Care-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Halder, R. M., & Nootheti, P. K. (2014). Ethnic skin disorders overview. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 48(6), S143-S148.

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6512 Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions Lab Assignment

Assignment 1: Lab Assignment: Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions

Properly identifying the cause and type of a patient’s skin condition involves a process of elimination known as differential diagnosis. Using this process, a health professional can take a given set of physical abnormalities, vital signs, health assessment findings, and patient descriptions of symptoms, and incrementally narrow them down until one diagnosis is determined as the most likely cause.

In this Lab Assignment, you will examine several visual representations of various skin conditions, describe your observations, and use the techniques of differential diagnosis to determine the most likely condition.

To Prepare

  • Review the Skin Conditions document provided in this week’s Learning Resources, and select one condition to closely examine for this Lab Assignment.
  • Consider the abnormal physical characteristics you observe in the graphic you selected. How would you describe the characteristics using clinical terminologies?
  • Explore different conditions that could be the cause of the skin abnormalities in the graphics you selected.
  • Consider which of the conditions is most likely to be the correct diagnosis, and why.
  • Search the Walden library for one evidence-based practice, peer-reviewed article based on the skin condition you chose for this Lab Assignment.
  • Review the Comprehensive SOAP Exemplar found in this week’s Learning Resources to guide you as you prepare your SOAP note.
  • Download the SOAP Template found in this week’s Learning Resources, and use this template to complete this Lab Assignment.

The Lab Assignment

  • Choose one skin condition graphic (identify by number in your Chief Complaint) to document your assignment in the SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan) note format rather than the traditional narrative style. Refer to Chapter 2 of the Sullivan text and the Comprehensive SOAP Template in this week’s Learning Resources for guidance. Remember that not all comprehensive SOAP data are included in every patient case.
  • Use clinical terminologies to explain the physical characteristics featured in the graphic. Formulate a differential diagnosis of three to five possible conditions for the skin graphic that you chose. Determine which is most likely to be the correct diagnosis and explain your reasoning using at least three different references, one reference from current evidence-based literature from your search and two different references from this week’s Learning Resources.

By Day 7 of Week 4

Submit your Lab Assignment.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

  • Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK4Assgn1+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
  • Click the Week 4 Assignment 1 Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
  • Click the Week 4 Assignment 1 link. You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
  • Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer button. Find the document you saved as “WK4Assgn1+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
  • If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
  • Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.

Grading Criteria

To access your rubric:

Week 4 Assignment 1 Rubric

Check Your Assignment Draft for Authenticity

To check your Assignment draft for authenticity:

Submit your Week 4 Assignment 1 draft and review the originality report.

Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 4

To participate in this Assignment:

Comprehensive SOAP Template

This template is for a full history and physical. For this course include only areas that are related to the case.

Patient Initials: _______ Age: _______ Gender: _______

Note: The mnemonic below is included for your reference and should be removed before the submission of your final note.

L =location

O= onset

C= character

A= associated signs and symptoms

T= timing

E= exacerbating/relieving factors

S= severity

SUBJECTIVE DATA:Include what the patient tells you, but organize the information.

Chief Complaint (CC):In just a few words, explain why the patient came to the clinic.

History of Present Illness (HPI):This is the symptom analysis section of your note. Thorough documentation in this section is essential for patient care, coding, and billing analysis. Paint a picture of what is wrong with the patient. You need to start EVERY HPI with age, race, and gender (e.g., 34-year-old AA male). You must include the seven attributes of each principal symptom in paragraph form not a list.If the CC was “headache”, the LOCATES for the HPI might look like the following example: NURS 6512 Week 4 Assignment 1- Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions

Location: head

Onset: 3 days ago

Character: pounding, pressure around the eyes and temples

Associated signs and symptoms: nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia

Timing: after being on the computer all day at work

Exacerbating/ relieving factors: light bothers eyes, Aleve makes it tolerable but not completely better

Severity: 7/10 pain scale

Medications:Include over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal supplements. List each one by name with dosage and frequency.

Allergies:Include specific reactions to medications, foods, insects, and environmental factors. Identify if it is an allergy or intolerance.

Past Medical History (PMH):Include illnesses (also childhood illnesses), hospitalizations.

Past Surgical History (PSH):Include dates, indications, and types of operations.

Sexual/Reproductive History: If applicable,include obstetric history, menstrual history, methods of contraception, sexual function, and risky sexual behaviors.

Personal/Social History:Include tobacco use, alcohol use, drug use, patient’s interests, ADL’s and IADL’s if applicable, and exercise and eating habits. NURS 6512 Week 4 Assignment 1- Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions

Immunization History:Includelast Tdap, Flu, pneumonia, etc.

Significant Family History: Include history of parents, grandparents, siblings, and children.

Lifestyle:Include cultural factors, economic factors, safety, and support systems and sexual preference.

Review of Systems:From head-to-toe, include each system that covers the Chief Complaint, History of Present Illness, and History (this includes the systems that address any previous diagnoses).Remember that the information you include in this section is based on what the patient tells you so ensure that you include all essentials in your case (refer to Chapter 2 of the Sullivan text).

General:Include any recent weight changes, weakness, fatigue, or fever, but do not restate HPI data here.

HEENT:

Neck:

Breasts:

Respiratory:

Cardiovascular/Peripheral Vascular:

Gastrointestinal:

Genitourinary:

Musculoskeletal:

Psychiatric:

Neurological:

Skin:

Hematologic:

Endocrine:

Allergic/Immunologic:

OBJECTIVE DATA:From head-to-toe, includewhat you see, hear, and feel when doing your physical exam. You only need to examine the systems that are pertinent to the CC, HPI, and History unless you are doing a total H&P- only in this course. Do not use “WNL” or “normal.” You must describe what you see.

Physical Exam:

Vital signs: Include vital signs, ht, wt, and BMI.

General:Include general state of health, posture, motor activity, and gait. This may also include dress, grooming, hygiene, odors of body or breath, facial expression, manner, level of consciousness, and affect and reactions to people and things. NURS 6512 Week 4 Assignment 1- Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions

HEENT:

Neck:

Chest

Lungs:

Heart

Peripheral Vascular: Abdomen:

Genital/Rectal:

Musculoskeletal:

Neurological:

Skin:

Include any labs, x-rays, or other diagnostics that are needed to develop the differential diagnoses.

ASSESSMENT:List your priority diagnosis (es). For each priority diagnosis, list at least three differential diagnoses, each of which must be supported with evidence and guidelines. For holistic care, you need to include previous diagnoses and indicate whether these are controlled or not controlled. These should also be included in your treatment plan.

PLAN:This section is not required for the assignments in this course (NURS 6512) but will be required for future courses.

REFLECTION: This section is not required for the assignments in this course (NURS 6512) but will be required for future courses.Reflect on your clinical experience, and consider the following questions: What did you learn from this experience? What would you do differently? Do you agree with your preceptor based on the evidence?

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NURS 6512 Diversity and Health Assessments Discussion Paper Example

NURS 6512 Diversity and Health Assessments Discussion AssignmentNURS 6512 Diversity and Health Assessments Discussion Assignment

NURS 6512 Diversity and Health Assessments Discussion Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6512 – Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning

Assignment Title: NURS 6512 Diversity and Health Assessments Discussion Assignment

Assignment Instructions Overview

This assignment focuses on understanding and integrating cultural and diversity awareness in health assessments. Students are required to reflect on their nursing experiences and consider the diversity issues highlighted in the course resources. The aim is to develop a culturally competent approach to building health histories for patients from diverse backgrounds.

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Understanding Assignment Objectives

The primary objective of this assignment is to enhance students’ awareness and sensitivity towards the diverse cultural, socioeconomic, spiritual, and lifestyle factors that influence patients’ health. By engaging in this discussion, students will learn to adapt their health assessment techniques to meet the unique needs of patients from various cultural backgrounds.

The Student’s Role

Students are expected to:

  • Reflect on their personal nursing experiences and the course materials related to diversity in health assessments.
  • Analyze a case study assigned by the instructor, focusing on the specific cultural factors influencing the patient’s health.
  • Develop a set of targeted questions to build a comprehensive health history, considering the patient’s background, lifestyle, and cultural context.
  • Engage in discussion with peers by critiquing their questions and reflecting on how the questions could be applied to their own case study.

Competencies Measured

This assignment measures the following competencies:

  • Cultural Competence: Understanding and respecting cultural differences in healthcare practices and beliefs.
  • Communication Skills: Developing effective communication strategies that are sensitive to the cultural context of the patient.
  • Critical Thinking: Analyzing and reflecting on the diverse factors that influence patient health and adapting assessment techniques accordingly.
  • Empathy and Sensitivity: Demonstrating empathy and sensitivity in interactions with patients from diverse backgrounds, ensuring their cultural needs are met.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6512 – Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning Course:

NURS 6512 Differential Diagnosis for Skin Conditions Lab Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Building a Comprehensive Health History Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessment Tools and Diagnostic Tests in Adults and Children Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessing the Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat Case Study Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Assessing the Abdomen Lab Assignment Example

NURS 6512 Diversity and Health Assessments Discussion Paper Example

Case Study Discussion

Patient Profile

JC, an 86-year-old Asian male, is physically and financially dependent on his daughter, a single mother with limited time and resources to attend to her father’s health needs. JC has a history of hypertension (HTN), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), vitamin B12 deficiency, and chronic prostatitis. His current medications include Lisinopril 10 mg daily, Prilosec 20 mg daily, B12 injections monthly, and Cipro 100 mg daily. JC visits for an annual exam and expresses concern about not wanting to be a burden to his daughter.

Introduction

Cultural competency in healthcare involves understanding and respecting diverse cultural perspectives and incorporating this understanding into patient care. Healthcare providers must be aware of their own cultural biases and those of their patients to build a trusting relationship. According to Ball et al. (2015), culturally competent care allows providers to meet the unique needs of patients from different backgrounds, fostering a more effective and respectful healthcare environment.

Factors

When assessing JC, several factors must be considered:

  • Socioeconomic Factors: JC’s reliance on his daughter for financial and physical support highlights the socioeconomic challenges they face. This dependency is compounded by his daughter’s role as a single mother, likely resulting in financial strain and limited time for JC’s care.
  • Cultural Factors: In many Asian cultures, adult children are expected to care for their aging parents, often resulting in multigenerational households (Yan, Chan, & Tiwari, 2014). However, this expectation can create stress and financial hardship for the caregivers, particularly in single-parent families.
  • Language and Communication: Language barriers may exist if JC is not fluent in English, which can complicate communication and lead to misunderstandings or inadequate care.
  • Mental Health Considerations: JC’s concern about being a burden may indicate underlying feelings of depression or anxiety, common among elderly individuals who are dependent on others for their care (Vega, 2014).

Sensitive Issues

When interacting with JC, it is essential to approach topics with cultural sensitivity and empathy. Discussing his concerns about being a burden must be handled delicately to avoid feelings of shame or dishonor, which are significant in many Asian cultures (Carteret, 2010). Additionally, exploring his home situation and relationship with his daughter requires careful and respectful questioning to ensure JC feels supported rather than judged.

Targeted Questions

To build a comprehensive health history and assess JC’s health risks, the following questions should will be posed with cultural sensitivity:

Can you tell me about your current health problems?

This open-ended question allows JC to describe his health issues in his own words, providing insight into his understanding and management of his conditions.

Do you ever feel sad or depressed?

This question addresses potential mental health concerns, crucial for an elderly patient who expresses feelings of being a burden.

You mentioned that you don’t want to be a burden to your daughter. Can you tell me about your relationship with her?

This question gently probes into JC’s familial relationships, helping to understand the dynamics and potential sources of stress or support.

Do you feel safe at home?

Ensuring JC’s safety is paramount, and this question can uncover any concerns about his living environment or treatment at home.

Would you be open to exploring resources to help you at home?

This question offers JC a solution-oriented approach, suggesting external support services that could alleviate some of the burdens on his daughter and improve his overall well-being.

Conclusion

Understanding and respecting JC’s cultural background is crucial in providing effective and compassionate care. Healthcare providers must be open to different cultural perspectives and address concerns in a culturally sensitive manner to build trust and ensure comprehensive care (Ball et al., 2015). By asking targeted questions and considering JC’s unique circumstances, providers can better support his health needs and improve his quality of life.

References

Ball, J. W., Dains, J. E., Flynn, J. A., Solomon, B. S., & Stewart, R. W. (2015). Seidel’s guide to physical examination (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby.

Carteret, M. M. (2010). Cultural values of Asian patients and families. Retrieved from Dimensions of Culture

Vega, T. (2014). As parents age, Asian-Americans struggle to obey a cultural code. The New York Times.

Yan, E., Chan, K.-L., & Tiwari, A. (2014). A systematic review of prevalence and risk factors for elder abuse in Asia. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 16(2), 199-219.

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6512 Diversity and Health Assessments Discussion Assignment

Functional Assessments and Cultural and Diversity Awareness in Health Assessment – Week 2 (10m)

Discussion: Diversity and Health Assessments

May 2012, Alice Randall wrote an article for The New York Times on the cultural factors that encouraged black women to maintain a weight above what is considered healthy. Randall explained—from her observations and her personal experience as a black woman—that many African-American communities and cultures consider women who are overweight to be more beautiful and desirable than women at a healthier weight. As she put it, “Many black women are fat because we want to be” (Randall, 2012).

Randall’s statements sparked a great deal of controversy and debate; however, they emphasize an underlying reality in the healthcare field: different populations, cultures, and groups have diverse beliefs and practices that impact their health. Nurses and healthcare professionals should be aware of this reality and adapt their health assessment techniques and recommendations to accommodate diversity.

In this Discussion, you will consider different socioeconomic, spiritual, lifestyle, and other cultural factors that should be taken into considerations when building a health history for patients with diverse backgrounds. Your Instructor will assign a case study to you for this Discussion.

To prepare:

  • Reflect on your experiences as a nurse and on the information provided in this week’s Learning Resources on diversity issues in health assessments.
  • By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned a case study by your Instructor. Note: Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your case study assignment.
  • Reflect on the specific socioeconomic, spiritual, lifestyle, and other cultural factors related to the health of the patient assigned to you.
  • Consider how you would build a health history for the patient. What questions would you ask, and how would you frame them to be sensitive to the patient’s background, lifestyle, and culture? Develop five targeted questions you would ask the patient to build his or her health history and to assess his or her health risks.
  • Think about the challenges associated with communicating with patients from a variety of specific populations. What strategies can you as a nurse employ to be sensitive to different cultural factors while gathering the pertinent information?

By Day 3 of Week 2

Post an explanation of the specific socioeconomic, spiritual, lifestyle, and other cultural factors associated with the patient you were assigned. Explain the issues that you would need to be sensitive to when interacting with the patient, and why. Provide at least five targeted questions you would ask the patient to build his or her health history and to assess his or her health risks.

Note: For this Discussion, you are required to complete your initial post before you will be able to view and respond to your colleagues’ postings. Begin by clicking on the “Post to Discussion Question” link, and then select “Create Thread” to complete your initial post. Remember, once you click on Submit, you cannot delete or edit your own posts, and you cannot post anonymously. Please check your post carefully before clicking on Submit!

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.

By Day 6 of Week 2

Respond on or before Day 6 on 2 different days to at least two of your colleagues who were assigned a different patient than you. Critique your colleague’s targeted questions, and explain how the patient might interpret these questions. Explain whether any of the questions would apply to your patient, and why.

Submission and Grading Information

Grading Criteria

To access your rubric:

Week 2 Discussion Rubric

Post by Day 3 of Week 2 and Respond by Day 6 of Week 2

To Participate in this Discussion:

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NURS 6521 Off Label Drug Use in Pediatrics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Off Label Drug Use in Pediatrics AssignmentNURS 6521 Off-Label Drug Use in Pediatrics Assignment

NURS 6521 Off Label Drug Use in Pediatrics Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology

Assignment Title: NURS 6521 Off-Label Drug Use in Pediatrics Assignment

Assignment Instructions Overview

In this assignment, you will explore the common practice of off-label drug use in pediatric patients. Off-label use refers to the administration of FDA-approved medications in ways not specified on their labels, particularly common in pediatrics due to limited research on children-specific dosages and formulations. Your task is to investigate the circumstances under which off-label drug use is justified in pediatric care and propose strategies to enhance the safety of such practices.

Understanding Assignment Objectives

The primary objectives of this assignment are to deepen your understanding of off-label drug use in pediatric populations, critically analyze the safety implications associated with this practice, and propose evidence-based strategies to mitigate risks. By the end of this assignment, you should be able to articulate the rationale for off-label prescribing in pediatrics, identify specific safety measures to enhance drug administration safety from infancy through adolescence, and integrate scholarly sources to support your arguments.

The Student’s Role

As a student in NURS 6521, you are tasked with assuming the role of an advanced practice nurse specializing in pediatric care. Your role involves critically evaluating the appropriateness of off-label drug use in various pediatric conditions, advocating for patient safety through informed prescribing practices, and communicating your findings in a scholarly format adhering to APA guidelines.

Competencies Measured

This assignment assesses your ability to:

  • Analyze the ethical and clinical considerations of off-label drug use in pediatrics.
  • Evaluate strategies to optimize drug safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients.
  • Apply evidence-based practices to support recommendations for off-label drug use in pediatric care.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology Course:

NURS 6521 Discussion Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Asthma and Stepwise Management Assignment Presentation Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Off Label Drug Use in Pediatrics Assignment Example

Circumstances under Which Children Should be Prescribed Drugs for Off-label Use

Off-label drug use in pediatric patients occurs under specific circumstances where approved medications do not have pediatric dosing guidelines or when alternative treatments are ineffective or unavailable. According to Panther et al. (2017), more than half of FDA-approved drugs lack pediatric labeling, necessitating clinical judgment and reliance on professional guidelines such as those from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). For instance, conditions like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may require off-label use of medications when standard therapies fail or are inappropriate due to side effects (Panther et al., 2017). Another example is the use of certain antibiotics in neonates, where few drugs are specifically approved for this age group due to limited research and clinical trials.

Strategies to Make the Off-label Use and Dosage of Drugs Safer for Children from Infancy to Adolescence

The safety of off-label drug use in pediatrics can be enhanced through several strategies. First, maximizing inpatient settings for administering such medications allows for closer monitoring of adverse effects (Tanemura et al., 2019). This approach is crucial as pediatric patients may exhibit different pharmacokinetic profiles compared to adults, affecting drug metabolism and potential side effects (Tanemura et al., 2019). Additionally, leveraging electronic health records (EHRs) enables healthcare providers to calculate precise dosages based on age, weight, and renal function, minimizing errors in dosing calculations and improving patient safety (Corny et al., 2015).

Furthermore, healthcare professionals should systematically document adverse reactions associated with off-label drug use, contributing to evidence-based practice and informing future prescribing decisions (Corny et al., 2015). Pharmacists’ involvement in pediatric care settings also plays a critical role, providing expertise in medication management and ensuring informed decision-making regarding off-label prescriptions.

An example of an off-label drug requiring meticulous attention is Budesonide, an inhaled corticosteroid used for asthma management. Due to challenges in inhaler technique among children, there is a risk of improper administration leading to ineffective treatment or overdose (Corny et al., 2015). Newer asthma medications like mometasone and ciclesonide pose similar challenges due to limited data on pediatric use, necessitating cautious prescribing until further evidence is available (Corny et al., 2015).

References

Corny, J., Lebel, D., Bailey, B., & Bussières, J. F. (2015). Unlicensed and off-label drug use in children before and after pediatric governmental initiatives. The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 20(4), 316-328.

Panther, S. G., Knotts, A. M., Odom-Maryon, T., Daratha, K., Woo, T., & Klein, T. A. (2017). Off-label prescribing trends for ADHD medications in very young children. The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 22(6), 423-429.

Tanemura, N., Asawa, M., Kuroda, M., Sasaki, T., Iwane, Y., & Urushihara, H. (2019). Pediatric off-label use of psychotropic drugs approved for adult use in Japan in the light of approval information regarding pediatric patients in the United States: a study of a pharmacy prescription database. World Journal of Pediatrics, 15(1), 92-99.

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6521 Off Label Drug Use in Pediatrics Assignment

Assignment: Off-Label Drug Use in Pediatrics

The unapproved use of approved drugs, also called off-label use, with children is quite common. This is because pediatric dosage guidelines are typically unavailable, since very few drugs have been specifically researched and tested with children.

When treating children, prescribers often adjust dosages approved for adults to accommodate a child’s weight. However, children are not just “smaller” adults. Adults and children process and respond to drugs differently in their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.

Children even respond differently during stages from infancy to adolescence. This poses potential safety concerns when prescribing drugs to pediatric patients. As an advanced practice nurse, you have to be aware of safety implications of the off-label use of drugs with this patient group.

To Prepare

  • Review the interactive media piece in this week’s Resources and reflect on the types of drugs used to treat pediatric patients with mood disorders.
  • Reflect on situations in which children should be prescribed drugs for off-label use.
  • Think about strategies to make the off-label use and dosage of drugs safer for children from infancy to adolescence. Consider specific off-label drugs that you think require extra care and attention when used in pediatrics.

By Day 5 of Week 11

Write a 1-page narrative in APA format that addresses the following:

  • Explain the circumstances under which children should be prescribed drugs for off-label use. Be specific and provide examples.
  • Describe strategies to make the off-label use and dosage of drugs safer for children from infancy to adolescence. Include descriptions and names of off-label drugs that require extra care and attention when used in pediatrics.

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The Sample Paper provided at the Walden Writing Center offers an example of those required elements (available at http://writingcenter.waldenu.edu/57.htm). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

Submission and Grading Information

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NURS 6521 Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders Discussion Paper Example

NURS 6521 Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders Discussion AssignmentNURS 6521 Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders Discussion Assignment

NURS 6521 Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders Discussion Paper Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology

Assignment Title: NURS 6521 Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders Discussion Assignment

Assignment Overview

This assignment focuses on enhancing decision-making skills in pharmacotherapy for treating psychological disorders. Students will engage with interactive media pieces to simulate real-world scenarios where they must recommend appropriate pharmacotherapeutics based on patient characteristics and disorder presentation. This exercise aims to deepen understanding of the impacts of medication on pathophysiology and refine critical thinking in advanced practice nursing.

Understanding Assignment Objectives

The primary objective of this assignment is to assess students’ ability to integrate theoretical knowledge with practical decision-making skills in treating psychological disorders. By analyzing interactive case studies, students will evaluate and justify the selection of pharmacotherapeutics while considering potential impacts on patient pathophysiology.

The Student’s Role

As a student in this assignment, you are tasked with selecting and analyzing an interactive media piece that presents a psychological disorder scenario. Your role includes evaluating the effectiveness of pharmacotherapeutic options, recommending the most suitable medication, and assessing its potential implications on the patient’s pathophysiology. Additionally, you will participate in discussions with peers to offer alternative drug treatments based on different case scenarios.

Competencies Measured

This assignment assesses several key competencies critical to advanced practice nursing:

  • Clinical Decision Making: Ability to analyze patient data and apply evidence-based practices to formulate treatment plans.
  • Pharmacotherapy Knowledge: Understanding of pharmacological principles and mechanisms of action in treating psychological disorders.
  • Patient Safety and Education: Ensuring safe administration of medications while educating patients and caregivers on potential side effects and treatment expectations.
  • Critical Thinking and Communication: Articulating rationale behind treatment choices and engaging in constructive dialogue with peers to explore alternative therapeutic approaches.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology Course:

NURS 6521 Discussion Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Asthma and Stepwise Management Assignment Presentation Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Off-Label Drug Use in Pediatrics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders Discussion Paper Example

Psychological disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorders significantly impact patients’ lives, affecting their physical health, emotional well-being, and social functioning. Advanced practice nurses (APNs) play a crucial role in managing the care of patients with these disorders, ensuring safe and effective treatment approaches tailored to individual patient factors and medical histories.

For this Discussion, I focused on an interactive media piece that addressed the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). The decision-making process involved selecting the most appropriate pharmacotherapy based on the patient’s condition and potential impacts on their pathophysiology.

Case Study Overview

The interactive media piece presented a case of a 35-year-old Hispanic male diagnosed with MDD. He presented with symptoms including persistent sadness, loss of interest in activities, and difficulty concentrating, impacting his work performance and interpersonal relationships.

Decision Steps

In approaching this case, I considered the efficacy and potential side effects of three pharmacotherapeutic options: Zoloft (sertraline) 25 mg orally daily, Effexor XR (venlafaxine) 37.5 mg orally daily, and Phenelzine 15 mg orally TID. Each medication targets neurotransmitter systems implicated in MDD but varies in mechanism and side effect profile.

Recommended Pharmacotherapy

Based on the assessment of available options, Effexor XR 37.5 mg orally daily emerged as the most suitable choice for this patient. Effexor XR, a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), not only addresses depressive symptoms but also offers flexibility in dosage adjustment and minimal interaction with daily activities due to its once-daily dosing regimen (Dahale et al., 2014).

Impact on Pathophysiology

The administration of Effexor XR influences serotonin and norepinephrine levels in the brain, which are crucial in regulating mood, sleep, and emotional responses. By restoring these neurotransmitters, Effexor XR aims to alleviate depressive symptoms and potentially enhance the patient’s overall quality of life (Dahale et al., 2014).

Treatment Plan Considerations

In recommending Effexor XR, it is essential to monitor the patient closely for therapeutic response and adverse effects, such as initial activation or gastrointestinal disturbances. Educating the patient and their family about medication adherence and potential side effects will be critical in optimizing treatment outcomes and ensuring patient safety.

Conclusion

Effective decision making in treating psychological disorders involves a thorough understanding of pharmacotherapeutic options, their mechanisms of action, and individual patient characteristics. By selecting the most appropriate medication, such as Effexor XR in this case, APNs can contribute significantly to improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

References

Dahale, A. B., Narayanaswamy, J. C., Venkatasubramanian, G., & Bagewadi, V. I. (2014). Successful use of agomelatine and venlafaxine combination in major depression. General hospital psychiatry, 36(1), e3.

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6521 Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders Discussion Paper Assignment

Discussion: Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders

Psychological disorders, such as depression, bipolar, and anxiety disorders can present several complications for patients of all ages. These disorders affect patients physically and emotionally, potentially impacting judgment, school and/or job performance, and relationships with family and friends. Since these disorders have many drastic effects on patients’ lives, it is important for advanced practice nurses to effectively manage patient care. With patient factors and medical history in mind, it is the advanced practice nurse’s responsibility to ensure the safe and effective diagnosis, treatment, and education of patients with psychological disorders.

For this Discussion, you will select an interactive media piece to practice decision making when treating patients with psychological disorders. You will recommend the most effective pharmacotherapeutic to treat the psychological disorder presented and examine potential impacts of pharmacotherapeutics on a patient’s pathophysiology.

To Prepare

  • Review this week’s interactive media pieces and select one to focus on for this Discussion.
  • Reflect on the decision steps in the interactive media pieces, and consider the potential impacts from the administration of the associated pharmacotherapeutics on the patient’s pathophysiology.

By Day 3 of Week 8

Post a brief explanation of the psychological disorder presented and the decision steps you applied in completing the interactive media piece for the psychological disorder you selected. Then, explain how the administration of the associated pharmacotherapeutics you recommended may impact the patient’s pathophysiology. How might these potential impacts inform how you would suggest treatment plans for this patient? Be specific and provide examples.

By Day 6 of Week 8

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses and respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days who selected a different interactive media piece on a psychological disorder, and provide recommendations for alternative drug treatments to address the patient’s pathophysiology.

Note: For this Discussion, you are required to complete your initial post before you will be able to view and respond to your colleagues’ postings. Begin by clicking on the “Post to Discussion Question” link, and then select “Create Thread” to complete your initial post. Remember, once you click on Submit, you cannot delete or edit your own posts, and you cannot post anonymously. Please check your post carefully before clicking on Submit!

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NURS 6521 Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders AssignmentNURS 6521 Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Assignment

NURS 6521 Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology

Assignment Title: NURS 6521 Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Assignment

Assignment Instructions Overview

This assignment requires students to engage with an interactive media piece focusing on patient case studies involving neurological and musculoskeletal disorders. Each student will analyze the symptoms presented in the case study assigned by the instructor and develop a decision tree for diagnosis and treatment.

Understanding Assignment Objectives

The primary objective of this assignment is for students to demonstrate their ability to assess and treat patients presenting symptoms of neurological and musculoskeletal disorders. By engaging with interactive media resources, students will integrate theoretical knowledge with practical decision-making skills in clinical scenarios.

The Student’s Role

Students will critically analyze the patient case study provided through the assigned interactive media piece. They will formulate three key decisions regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the patient based on the symptoms and disorder presented. Each decision should be supported by evidence-based literature and consider potential co-morbidities and patient-specific factors.

Competencies Measured

This assignment measures students’ competencies in:

  • Clinical reasoning and decision-making in neurology and musculoskeletal health.
  • Application of evidence-based practice in patient assessment and treatment planning.
  • Integration of theoretical knowledge with practical clinical scenarios.
  • Communication of diagnostic and treatment strategies based on patient-centered care principles.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology Course:

NURS 6521 Discussion Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Asthma and Stepwise Management Assignment Presentation Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Off-Label Drug Use in Pediatrics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Assignment Example

Case Summary

A 43-year-old white male presents with chronic pain following a work-related fall seven years ago, resulting in hip injury. His pain is accompanied by ambulation difficulties necessitating crutches. Referred for psychiatric evaluation due to skepticism from his family doctor regarding the legitimacy of his pain, the patient denies depression but acknowledges significant life disruptions due to pain, including job loss and strained relationships. A diagnosis of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) has been previously made by a neurologist. Despite significant impact on his personal and professional life, he denies depression. Previous treatment attempts include unsuccessful pain management due to side effects.

Decision 1

Initiation of Savella (milnacipran) for pain management at 12.5 mg orally once daily, escalating to 50 mg twice daily over a one-week titration schedule was chosen. Savella, an SNRI and NMDA antagonist, is selected for its potential to modulate pain signaling by enhancing neurotransmitter availability, thereby alleviating pain hypersensitivity associated with CRPS (Stanton-Hicks, 2018). Alternative treatments like Amitriptyline were avoided due to potential side effects that could compromise patient compliance (Benzon, Liu & Buvanendran, 2016).

Expected Outcome

Anticipated outcomes included significant pain reduction (3/10), improved ambulation without crutches, and enhanced quality of life. These expectations were based on the analgesic properties of Savella documented in literature (Stanton-Hicks, 2018).

Difference between Expected Outcome and Actual Outcome

Following four weeks of treatment, the patient reported reduced pain intensity (4/10), but with persistence of morning exacerbations and nocturnal awakenings due to pain. Side effects such as sweating, sleep disturbances, and elevated blood pressure were noted, necessitating dosage adjustment (Finnerup et al., 2015).

Decision 2

Dosage reduction of Savella from 50 mg orally once daily to 25 mg twice daily was implemented to manage side effects while maintaining therapeutic efficacy. This decision aimed to balance pain management with minimizing adverse reactions, aligning with evidence suggesting dosage adjustments can mitigate drug-related symptoms (Stanton-Hicks, 2018).

Expected Outcome

Expected outcomes included continued pain relief, improved functional capacity, and resolution of drug-related side effects, fostering a return to normal activities and improved mood (Benzon, Liu & Buvanendran, 2016).

Difference between Expected Outcome and Actual Outcome

Despite dosage adjustment, the patient’s pain levels worsened, necessitating continued use of crutches and a reported pain intensity of 7 on a 10-point scale, indicating inadequate pain management. Although Savella-related side effects abated, functional improvement was limited (Murnion, 2018).

Decision 3

Transition to a split dosing regimen of Savella, 50 mg orally in the morning and 25 mg at bedtime, was chosen to capitalize on the observed diurnal pain pattern, aiming for enhanced pain control throughout the day. This decision was supported by literature suggesting optimized pain management through tailored dosing schedules (Finnerup et al., 2015).

Expected Outcome

Anticipated outcomes included further pain reduction (3/10), improved ambulation without aids, and stabilization of mood disturbances. Expected resolution of Savella-related side effects was also anticipated (Stanton-Hicks, 2018).

Difference between Expected Outcome and Actual Outcome

Following four weeks, the patient reported modest pain reduction, improved ambulation, and a pain intensity level of 4 on a 10-point scale. While mood and functional improvements were noted, complete pain resolution was not achieved, reinforcing the chronic nature of CRPS management (Benzon, Liu & Buvanendran, 2016). Comprehensive pain management strategies including adjunctive therapies were recommended to optimize outcomes (Murnion, 2018).

Conclusion

Effective management of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) necessitates a comprehensive approach that integrates tailored pharmacological interventions with non-pharmacological strategies. Pharmacotherapy, such as the use of medications like Savella, is pivotal in alleviating symptoms; however, adjustments must be personalized to achieve optimal balance between efficacy and tolerability. Concurrently, holistic care involving physical therapy, lifestyle modifications, and psychological support is indispensable for enhancing outcomes in chronic pain conditions like CRPS. By combining these approaches, healthcare providers can address the multifaceted nature of CRPS and improve overall patient well-being and functional outcomes.

References

Benzon, H. T., Liu, S. S., & Buvanendran, A. (2016). Evolving definitions and pharmacologic management of complex regional pain syndrome.

Finnerup, N. B., et al. (2015). Pharmacotherapy for neuropathic pain in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Neurology, 14(2), 162-173.

Murnion, B. P. (2018). Neuropathic pain: current definition and review of drug treatment. Australian prescriber, 41(3), 60.

Stanton-Hicks, M. (2018). Complex regional pain syndrome. In Fundamentals of Pain Medicine (pp. 211-220). Springer, Cham.

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6521 Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Assignment

Assignment: Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders

For your Assignment, your Instructor will assign you one of the decision tree interactive media pieces provided in the Resources. As you examine the patient case studies in this module’s Resources, consider how you might assess and treat patients presenting symptoms of neurological and musculoskeletal disorders.

To Prepare

  • Review the interactive media piece assigned by your Instructor.
  • Reflect on the patient’s symptoms and aspects of the disorder presented in the interactive media piece.
  • Consider how you might assess and treat patients presenting with the symptoms of the patient case study you were assigned.
  • You will be asked to make three decisions concerning the diagnosis and treatment for this patient. Reflect on potential co-morbid physical as well as patient factors that might impact the patient’s diagnosis and treatment.

By Day 7 of Week 8

Write a 1- to 2-page summary paper that addresses the following:

  • Briefly summarize the patient case study you were assigned, including each of the three decisions you took for the patient presented.
  • Based on the decisions you recommended for the patient case study, explain whether you believe the decisions provided were supported by the evidence-based literature. Be specific and provide examples. Be sure to support your response with evidence and references from outside resources.
  • What were you hoping to achieve with the decisions you recommended for the patient case study you were assigned? Support your response with evidence and references from outside resources.
  • Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with each of the decisions and the results of the decision in the exercise. Describe whether they were different. Be specific and provide examples.

You will submit this Assignment in Week 8.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

  • Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK8Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
  • Click the Week 8 Assignment Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
  • Click the Week 8 Assignment  You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
  • Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer Find the document you saved as “WK8Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
  • If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
  • Click on the Submitbutton to complete your submission.

 Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 8

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NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Example

NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper AssignmentNURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Assignment

NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology

Assignment Title: NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Assignment

Assignment Instructions Overview

In this assignment, you will explore various types of diabetes and their corresponding drug treatments. Understanding the differences between these types is crucial as each requires tailored management strategies. You will analyze the short-term and long-term impacts of diabetes on patients, focusing on the effects of drug therapies. Additionally, you will engage in constructive discussions with peers, providing alternative treatment recommendations and patient education strategies.

Understanding Assignment Objectives

The primary objective of this assignment is to deepen your understanding of diabetes types (type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile) and their pharmacological treatments. By critically evaluating these aspects, you will gain insights into how different factors influence treatment decisions and patient outcomes.

The Student’s Role

As a student, your role is to conduct comprehensive research on diabetes types and their respective drug therapies. You will critically analyze the preparation, administration, and dietary considerations associated with one chosen drug used for treating a specific type of diabetes. Subsequently, you will evaluate and articulate the short-term and long-term impacts of the chosen diabetes type on patients, emphasizing the effects of pharmacological interventions.

Competencies Measured

This assignment assesses your ability to:

  • Analyze differences between types of diabetes and their treatment approaches.
  • Evaluate the pharmacological management of diabetes, including drug administration and dietary considerations.
  • Assess the short-term and long-term impacts of diabetes on patient health, integrating the effects of drug treatments.
  • Engage in meaningful peer discussions by providing alternative treatment recommendations and educational strategies for diabetes management.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology Course:

NURS 6521 Discussion Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Asthma and Stepwise Management Assignment Presentation Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Off-Label Drug Use in Pediatrics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Example

Diabetes is a prevalent chronic condition characterized by elevated blood sugar levels. There are several types of diabetes, each with distinct etiologies and management strategies. Type 1 diabetes results from the pancreas’s inability to produce insulin, typically diagnosed in childhood or adolescence (Chatterjee, Khunti, & Davies, 2017). Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance or inadequate insulin production, often linked to lifestyle factors and genetics (American Diabetes Association, 2018). Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and usually resolves postpartum, while juvenile diabetes refers primarily to type 1 diabetes diagnosed in young individuals (McIntyre et al., 2019; Bimstein et al., 2019).

For this discussion, the focus will be on type 2 diabetes, which affects how the body processes glucose. One commonly prescribed medication for type 2 diabetes is metformin. Metformin works by reducing liver glucose production and enhancing insulin sensitivity (Rena, Hardie, & Pearson, 2017). It is available in both immediate-release and extended-release formulations, typically administered orally in doses ranging from 500 to 2550 mg daily, ideally with meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and diarrhea (American Diabetes Association, 2018).

Dietary considerations are crucial in managing type 2 diabetes. Patients are advised to consume complex carbohydrates like whole grains, vegetables, and legumes, while limiting simple sugars and refined carbohydrates (Sami, Ansari, Butt, & Ab Hamid, 2017).

The short-term impact of type 2 diabetes includes acute complications like hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome and hypoglycemia, while long-term effects encompass chronic complications such as neuropathy, retinopathy, kidney disease, and cardiovascular issues (Afanasiev et al., 2018).

In conclusion, understanding the distinctions between types of diabetes and their respective treatments is crucial for effective patient management. Type 2 diabetes, in particular, requires a multifaceted approach involving medication, dietary adjustments, and lifestyle modifications to mitigate both short-term and long-term complications.

References

Afanasiev, S. A., et al. (2018). The impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on long-term prognosis in patients of different ages with myocardial infarction. Journal of diabetes research, 2018.

American Diabetes Association. (2018). Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: Standards of medical care in diabetes—2018. Diabetes Care, 41(Supplement 1), S73–S85. Retrieved from http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/41/supplement_1/s73.full-text.pdf

Bimstein, E., et al. (2019). Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (Juvenile Diabetes)–A review for the pediatric oral health provider. Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 43(6), 417-423.

Chatterjee, S., Khunti, K., & Davies, M. J. (2017). Type 2 diabetes. The Lancet, 389(10085), 2239-2251.

McIntyre, H. D., et al. (2019). Gestational diabetes mellitus. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 5(1), 1-19.

Rena, G., Hardie, D. G., & Pearson, E. R. (2017). The mechanisms of action of metformin. Diabetologia, 60(9), 1577-1585.

Sami, W., Ansari, T., Butt, N. S., & Ab Hamid, M. R. (2017). Effect of diet on type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review. International journal of health sciences, 11(2), 65.

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Assignment

Discussion: Diabetes and Drug Treatments

Each year, 1.5 million Americans are diagnosed with diabetes (American Diabetes Association, 2019). If left untreated, diabetic patients are at risk for several alterations, including heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, neuropathy, and blindness. There are various methods for treating diabetes, many of which include some form of drug therapy. The type of diabetes as well as the patient’s behavior factors will impact treatment recommendations.

For this Discussion, you compare types of diabetes, including drug treatments for type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes.

Reference: American Diabetes Association. (2019). Statistics about diabetes. Retrieved from http://diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/statistics/

To Prepare

  • Review the Resources for this module and reflect on differences between types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes.
  • Select one type of diabetes to focus on for this Discussion.
  • Consider one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected, including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Then, reflect on dietary considerations related to treatment.
  • Think about the short-term and long-term impact of the diabetes you selected on patients, including effects of drug treatments.

By Day 3 of Week 5

Post a brief explanation of the differences between the types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes. Describe one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected, including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Be sure to include dietary considerations related to treatment. Then, explain the short-term and long-term impact of this type of diabetes on patients. including effects of drug treatments. Be specific and provide examples.

By Day 6 of Week 5

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses and respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days who selected a different type of diabetes than you did. Provide recommendations for alternative drug treatments and patient education strategies for treatment and management.

Note: For this Discussion, you are required to complete your initial post before you will be able to view and respond to your colleagues’ postings. Begin by clicking on the “Post to Discussion Question” link, and then select “Create Thread” to complete your initial post. Remember, once you click on Submit, you cannot delete or edit your own posts, and you cannot post anonymously. Please check your post carefully before clicking on Submit!

Post by Day 3 of Week 5 and Respond by Day 6 of Week 5

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NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders AssignmentNURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment Brief

Course: NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology

Assignment Title: NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment

Assignment Instructions Overview

The assignment focuses on understanding and applying pharmacotherapy principles for gastrointestinal (GI) and hepatobiliary disorders. Students will analyze a case study to formulate a diagnosis and design a drug therapy plan based on patient symptoms, medical history, and current medications. The goal is to address the underlying cause of symptoms rather than managing them superficially.

Understanding Assignment Objectives

Students are tasked with:

  • Reviewing a provided case study to identify symptoms and pertinent medical details.
  • Formulating a diagnosis considering possible GI/hepatobiliary disorders or alternative systemic causes.
  • Developing a comprehensive drug therapy plan tailored to the patient’s specific condition and existing medications.
  • Justifying the selected drug therapy plan with evidence-based reasoning.

The Student’s Role

As a student undertaking this assignment, your role is to critically analyze clinical data, integrate pharmacotherapy knowledge, and demonstrate clinical reasoning skills. You will synthesize information from the case study to propose an effective treatment strategy that aligns with best practices in advanced nursing practice.

Competencies Measured

This assignment assesses competencies in:

  • Diagnostic reasoning: Ability to interpret symptoms and medical history to reach a logical diagnosis.
  • Pharmacotherapeutic knowledge: Application of drug therapy principles specific to GI and hepatobiliary disorders.
  • Patient-centered care: Designing a treatment plan that considers individual patient factors and preferences.
  • Evidence-based practice: Justifying treatment decisions with current research and clinical guidelines.

You Can Also Check Other Related Assessments for the NURS 6521 – Advanced Pharmacology Course:

NURS 6521 Discussion Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Asthma and Stepwise Management Assignment Presentation Example

NURS 6521 Diabetes and Drug Treatments Discussion Paper Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Decision Making When Treating Psychological Disorders Discussion Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Off-Label Drug Use in Pediatrics Assignment Example

NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment Example

Introduction

Gastrointestinal (GI) and hepatobiliary disorders often present with similar symptoms, making diagnosis challenging. This paper examines a case study of a patient presenting with symptoms indicative of a GI/hepatobiliary disorder. The diagnosis, rationale, and a recommended drug therapy plan are discussed based on the patient’s medical history and current medications.

Case Study Analysis

Patient Information

  • Current Medications: Synthroid, nifedipine, prednisone
  • Symptoms: Abdominal pain, cramping, nausea, bloating, fatigue

Diagnosis

The patient likely has acute gastroenteritis, an inflammation of the stomach and intestines usually caused by infection from bacteria, viruses, or parasites. The symptoms of vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal pain align with this condition (Ibrahim et al., 2016). The patient’s use of prednisone, an immunosuppressant, may increase susceptibility to infections, supporting this diagnosis.

Rationale for Diagnosis

Acute gastroenteritis is characterized by sudden onset of GI symptoms. The patient’s symptoms and the immunosuppressive nature of prednisone suggest a viral or bacterial infection as the underlying cause. Synthroid (for hypothyroidism) and nifedipine (for hypertension) do not directly relate to these symptoms but may influence the overall management plan.

Differential Diagnosis

Other conditions to consider include:

  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
  • Peptic Ulcer Disease
  • Hepatitis
  • Gallbladder Disease

However, the acute nature and symptom profile most strongly indicate gastroenteritis.

Drug Therapy Plan

Medication

  • Ondansetron 8mg: Administered to control nausea and vomiting by blocking serotonin receptors in the brain and gut.
  • Rehydration Solutions: Oral rehydration salts (ORS) to manage dehydration caused by diarrhea and vomiting.
  • Probiotics: To restore gut flora and reduce the duration of diarrhea.
  • Continue Prednisone with Tapering Plan: Gradually reduce prednisone dosage to prevent adrenal insufficiency and flare-ups of underlying conditions.

Justification

Ondansetron is effective in preventing nausea and vomiting, reducing discomfort and preventing further dehydration (Parker et al., 2018). ORS are crucial in managing fluid and electrolyte loss, ensuring proper hydration (CDC, 2020). Probiotics can help restore the natural balance of the gut microbiota, improving recovery from gastroenteritis (Suez & Elinav, 2017). Tapering prednisone prevents adverse effects associated with sudden discontinuation, maintaining the patient’s immune response without abrupt suppression (WebMD, n.d.).

Conclusion

The diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis is supported by the patient’s symptoms and medical history, particularly the use of prednisone. The recommended drug therapy plan, including ondansetron, ORS, probiotics, and a tapered prednisone schedule, addresses both symptom relief and underlying health maintenance. Proper management ensures effective treatment of the acute condition while safeguarding the patient’s overall health.

References

Parker, S. E., Van Bennekom, C., Anderka, M., & Mitchell, A. A. (2018). Ondansetron for treatment of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and the risk of specific birth defects. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 132(2), 385-394.

CDC. (2020). Oral Rehydration Solutions (ORS). Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/ treatment/rehydration.html

Suez, J., & Elinav, E. (2017). Probiotics in the next-generation sequencing era. Gut Microbes, 8(2), 133-136.

Batlle, L., Mattie, R., & Irwin, R. (2016). A medication combination for the treatment of central poststroke pain via the adjuvant use of prednisone with gabapentin: a case report. PM&R, 8(3), 278-281.

WebMD. (n.d.). Can tapering off prednisone cause a flare? Retrieved from https://www.webmd.com/drug-medication/qa/can-tapering-off-prednisone-cause-a-flare

Detailed Assessment Instructions for the NURS 6521 Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders Assignment

Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders

Gastrointestinal (GI) and hepatobiliary disorders affect the structure and function of the GI tract. Many of these disorders often have similar symptoms, such as abdominal pain, cramping, constipation, nausea, bloating, and fatigue. Since multiple disorders can be tied to the same symptoms, it is important for advanced practice nurses to carefully evaluate patients and prescribe a treatment that targets the cause rather than the symptom.

Once the underlying cause is identified, an appropriate drug therapy plan can be recommended based on medical history and individual patient factors. In this Assignment, you examine a case study of a patient who presents with symptoms of a possible GI/hepatobiliary disorder, and you design an appropriate drug therapy plan.

To Prepare

Review the case study assigned by your Instructor for this Assignment

Reflect on the patient’s symptoms, medical history, and drugs currently prescribed.

Think about a possible diagnosis for the patient. Consider whether the patient has a disorder related to the gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary system or whether the symptoms are the result of a disorder from another system or other factors, such as pregnancy, drugs, or a psychological disorder.

Consider an appropriate drug therapy plan based on the patient’s history, diagnosis, and drugs currently prescribed.

By Day 7 of Week 4

Write a 1-page paper that addresses the following:

  • Explain your diagnosis for the patient, including your rationale for the diagnosis.
  • Describe an appropriate drug therapy plan based on the patient’s history, diagnosis, and drugs currently prescribed.
  • Justify why you would recommend this drug therapy plan for this patient. Be specific and provide examples.

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The Sample Paper provided at the Walden Writing Center offers an example of those required elements (available at http://writingcenter.waldenu.edu/57.htm). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

  • Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK4Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
  • Click the Week 4 Assignment Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
  • Click the Week 4 Assignment  You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
  • Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer Find the document you saved as “WK4Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
  • If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
  • Click on the Submitbutton to complete your submission.

Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 4

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